Biomass

Biomass is any plant derived organic matter available on a renewable basis, including dedicated energy crops and trees, agricultural food and feed crops, agricultural crop wastes and residues, wood wastes and residues, aquatic plants etc. The energy in biomass can be harnessed in waste-to-energy plants or cogeneration plants.

Reference: http://www.nccc.gov.sg/renewables/biomass.shtm

http://reich-chemistry.wikispaces.com/file/view/types-of-biomass.jpg/106800251/types-of-biomass.jpg

The Law of Conservation of Energy

The law of conversation of energy states that energy can be converted or transformed from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed.

Electrical energy

Electrical energy is the energy flow of electricity.
Needed in all electrical appliances.
Source from charged particles.
Can be transformed into many different forms of energy.

Sound energy

Sound energy enable us to communicate. An important use as a warning signal.

Light energy

Light energy enable us to see.

Heat energy

Heat energy flows from region of higher temperature to a lower temperature.

Kinetic energy

Kinetic energy is energy in a body due to its motion.
ALL moving objects have kinetic energy.

Potential energy

Potential energy is stored energy due to our position or condition.

Types of potential energy:
-Chemical potential energy
-Gravitational potential energy
-Elastic potential energy

• Chemical potential energy is stored energy from chemicals.

• Gravitational potential energy is present when energy and an object has due to its position or location.

• Elastic potential energy is an energy an object has when it is stretched or compressed.

Energy

Energy is the ability to do work.
Energy is needed in order to do work.

Heat energy:)

HEAT INDUCED ROTATING LAMP SHADE

When the bulb is lit, it will generate heat. The heat generated will warm the air surrounding the bulb, causing it to rise. The rising warm air will travel upwardly inside the conical shade with the air escaping out the slits provided in the surface of the shade. The warm air escaping through the slits will apply a force to the unidirectional vanes which will cause the shade to rotate.

Reference: http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5491616.html

In shorter words, when the bulb lits up, heat and other forms of energy is produced. The moving hot air surrounding the slits will rise and will apply a force on the slits, causing the vanes to rotate.

Hydroelectric dams

The water in the reservoir is considered stored energy. When the gates open, the water flowing through the penstock becomes kinetic energy because it's in motion. The amount of electricity that is generated is determined by several factors. Two of those factors are the volume of water flow and the amount of hydraulic head. The head refers to the distance between the water surface and the turbines. As the head and flow increase, so does the electricity generated. The head is usually dependent upon the amount of water in the reservoir.

Reference: http://science.howstuffworks.com/hydropower-plant1.htm

The principle of moments.

The principle of moments states: when a body is in equilibrium, the sum of all clockwise movements about a pivot is equal to the sum of all anti-clockwise movements about the same pivot.